I don't see what you are getting at. It's not obvious that employers would pick up the weight of that subsidy.
Of course welfare to low wage earners is not technically a subsidy, but it is equivalent to taxpayers making up for wages that the low-wage companies don't pay. It is similar to the act of an actual subsidy.
I didn't see any statistics for full time. Many Walmart jobs, for example, don't exist as full time.
According to the DOL (http://www.dol.gov/minwage/) 28 million workers are at minimum wage. The labor force (May 2014) is 156 million. The result is about 18% (28/156) of the work force is at minimum wage. I suppose 18% could be considered small, but it's not trivial.
http://www.slate.com/articles/news_...rect_government_assistance_is_that_true_.html"About 49 percent of Americans live in households that receive some form of government benefits"
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs...its-from-the-federal-government-in-six-charts
“Three-quarters of entitlement benefits written into law in the United States go toward the elderly or disabled. That's according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. And a big chunk of the rest goes to working households. Only about 9 percent of all entitlement benefits go toward non-elderly, non-disabled households without jobs (and much of that involves health care and unemployment insurance)”

My conclusion from the above is that low pay is a very serious problem for many Americans. And the perception of welfare queens is grossly unfounded.