mad1961
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How did the trade in enslaved people affect African societies? - BBC Bitesize
Learn how the trade in enslaved people brought power to some African rulers and societies, but robbed the continent of many of its people, and contributed to famine, instability and loss of culture with this Bitesize National 5 History revision guide.www.bbc.co.uk
Slavery had existed in West Africa long before the Europeans arrived there.
Prisoners of war captured in battles between rival kingdoms or tribes were commonly kept and enslaved. These enslaved people could be put to work in mines or even put to death in religious rituals.
European slave traders seldom captured and enslaved African people by themselves. The terrain was too difficult and the kingdoms that ruled these parts of Africa were often too strong for a handful of white slavers to fight. Most enslaved people were sold to the Europeans by other Africans.
African states such as Ashanti (in modern day-Ghana) traded enslaved people in exchange for goods – such as textiles, alcohol, and guns.
They then used their new resources to become more powerful and to fight wars against their neighbours. This meant they could capture more people to enslave, and their society could grow stronger and wealthier.
African slavery and chattel slavery differ significantly in their definitions, practices, and societal implications, particularly regarding the rights and status of enslaved individuals.
Definitions
- African Slavery: This term encompasses various forms of servitude and slavery that existed in Africa before and during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Slavery in African societies often involved individuals being enslaved due to debt, warfare, or as punishment for crimes. Enslaved individuals could sometimes integrate into their captors' families and might regain their freedom or improve their status over time.
- Chattel Slavery: This is a specific form of slavery where individuals are treated as personal property, with no rights or autonomy. Chattel slaves are bought and sold, and their status as slaves is inherited by their children. This system was prevalent in the Americas, particularly during the trans-Atlantic slave trade, and it established a permanent, hereditary condition of slavery.
Slavery in West Africa was not the same as the chattel slavery practiced in America, nor does the fact that Africans had slaves justify or excuse what whites did.
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